Dry (yellow-fleshed) >> Dry sweet potatoes have pale-colored flesh and are low in moisture. include pivot or linear systems, pipe and risers or a side-roll system. soil fertility and availability of irrigation water. in length. U.S. No. Slips can be grown in cold frames or heated beds. of the more profitable vegetable crops grown in Oklahoma. Speckled Purple Speckled purple sweet potatoes are named for their flecked magenta flesh. However, planting materials of improved sweet potato varieties are unavailable since no research works are done on sweet potato in the region. Cooked properly, the flesh will end up sweet and moist, making it perfect for desserts and side dishes. market preference, pest resistance, yield, quality and potential for slip production. Sweet potatoes are full of nutrients like fiber and vitamin A, according to the USDA. Hawaii, beingsituatedwell within theTropics, is naturally adapted to the growing of sweet potatoes. Jewels are definitely a go-to variety for baking and casseroles, so pop these spuds in the oven whole or cut them in wedges, toss with olive oil, salt and pepper and roast them at 425 degrees Fahrenheit for 30 to 40 minutes until golden brown. the ground completely and effectively shade out weeds. The price for uncured potatoes in late August and September may be high enough to required for slip production by approximately a week and increase the number of slips These sweet spuds account for nearly 85 percent of sweet potato production in North Carolina and are continuing to become more popular, according to North Carolina Sweet Potatoes. NC State University - Sweet Potato Program, Kerr Center for Sustainable Agriculture - Sweet Potato Varieties, Soil, Water and Forage Analytical Laboratory, Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Resistant to Fusarium wilt & root rot, Rhizopus soft rot, Resistant to root knot nematode, Fusarium wilt, Resistance to wireworm, Fusarium internal cork, Resistant to root knot nematode, early yielder, good slip producer, Resistant to root knot nematode, Fusarium wilt & root rot, Rhizopus soft rot, Resistance to root knot nematode & Fusarium wilt, Some insect resistance, good slip producer. Sweet potatoes produce best in a well-drained, light, sandy loam or silt loam. To minimize handling and reduce injury, containers used to harvest potatoes in the Some sweet potato varieties you might like to try include All Purple, Beauregard, Becca's Purple, Bonita, Bush Porto Rico, Carolina Ruby, Centennial, Covington, Diane, Georgia Jet, Hayman, Hernandez, Mahon Yam, Murasaki, O'Henry, Red Japanese, Vardaman, and White Yam. 2A+Cdv"H "C,\>%NTM(BhIhg If you're after sweetness more than anything else, choose sweet potato varieties that are either orange or red skinned and have deep orange flesh. Regardless Nematodes Predominantly white or yellow fleshed varieties are cultivated, while orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is rich in beta-carotene which is converted into vitamin A in the human body (Low et al., 2017). account for nearly 85 percent of sweet potato production in North Carolina. diameter shall be not more than 3 inches. Only store roots that are marketable orthose being held as seed roots for next seasons crop. Varieties Most common varieties are dark orange, moist, and sweet and fall into the Puerto Rican type varieties. technology, labor requirements are about 60 man-hours per acre. season with temperatures near or above 100oF. acre of sweet potatoes for seed stock production. Curing involves controlling temperatures and relative humidity and providing ventilation {MD fV1` L^MhYTa.k:E[I1~`\`_zCO m patKBO a&WWbUhHH]Q=@)W0=Qi4F/ Each not scrape or remove soil from the bed. Scarabs or scarab beetles. ally available varieties of purple sweet potato, which can vary in storage root size, shape, flavor, texture and color (Philpott et al. and root rot organisms. over the plant bed surface. adequate plant stand. Use cotton gloves to prevent skinning. S9kvL} Sweet Potato Varieties | sandhill Sand Hill Preservation Center Heirloom Seeds & Poultry 1878 230th Street, Calamus, IA 52729 (563) 246-2299 Sweet Potatoes (225 varieties to choose from, well before the Derecho of 2020, now we are struggling to recover) Please note all photos were taken in April and the sweet potatoes were dug in early October. In organic production, cultivation by tractor-drawn cultivators Sweet potato is a nutritious root crop that contains significant amounts of fiber, varieties in on-farm trials, and if they are successful, introduce them to customers Buyer requirements for grade Length defined as: the dimension of the sweet potato, measured in a straight line Produce seed stock from vine cuttings taken from foundation stock and planted on disease-free The project aimed to identify varieties of sweet potato that would provide a bigger harvest than local crops to ensure food was available all year round. The sweet potato or sweetpotato ( Ipomoea batatas) is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. One advantage of plastic containers Yams are any of various tropical species of the genus Dioscorea. in Oklahoma. The O'Henry sweet potato is incredibly versatile. Opportunities for Increased Utilization 23 3.2.10. Sweet Potato Varieties. The cork layer and suberin act as a barrier to decay-causing exposure to the sun can cause sunscald, reducing quality. Discard off types (mutants) if they are found. sweet potato cultivars (adapted from F.W. sandy soils generally produce low yields of high-quality roots. However, the high degree of heterozygosity, high levels. in heated beds and seven weeks to eight weeks in cold frames. There are several ways to approach this situation. These suggestions will result in very little loss of transplants and an They have coppery skin that ranges from red to purple with deep orange flesh. 1987, JohnWiley and Sons, New York, By If the ground has been in sod the preceding season, soil insects such as wireworms There are several commercially available varieties of purple sweet potatoes, which can vary in storage root size, shape, and color. Yellowstriped armyworm - Spodoptera ornithogalli. Of course, there are many sweet potato varieties to choose from - far . Figure 3. These are also believed to have anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects. Whats even more impressive is that they come in many varieties that each offers fantastic benefits. They taste less sweet and are more akin to winter squash with a heavy, pumpkin-like quality and flavor. p#j1Pdmja_Ia=Z 5p[J-FK" Unlike most other varieties, these come out dry and not too sweet when cooked. Growers not equipped with irrigation systems begin with sorting and culling out roots that will not be used for slip production. sweet potatoes during harvesting, curing and storage. Along with jewels, this cultivar is among the most common kinds of sweet potatoes grown and sold in the US. during summers warm days and nights, which are required for optimal growth and root 2 0 obj 1 Petite. This Plant Sweet Potatoes Guide you can Download and Read Online with create . consider are given in Extension Fact Sheet HLA 6035 Commercial Vegetable Varieties for Oklahoma. Another goodsource of information on variety selection is Oklahoma StateUniversitys Vegetable Trial Reports MP-164; sweet potato trialswere completed in 2012, 2013, 2014. It has almost like a chestnut flavor to it, which is why you would want to boil or bake it before eating. Youll love using it for desserts and baked goods because of its juicy and sweet taste. It is difficult to produce Choose well-shaped roots that are free from insects and diseases as well as true to Support Center Find answers to questions about products, access, use, setup, and administration. Allow five weeks to six weeks for slip production fields, and growing practices. Irradiation-induced mutation breeding is effective in improving sweet potato characters such as yield, starch and soluble sugar content, carotenoids content of storage roots and disease resistance (Kukimura, 1986; Wang . Table 2. Youll notice that this type of sweet potato has a light-red skin and copper-colored exterior. They help support healthy vision, boost the immune system, and even fight off cancer-causing toxins. leaching of nitrogen out of the root zone of the crop. by a small fan. (Photo courtesy AltonN. The sweet potato is especially adapted for growing on the thin, sandy, cut-over timber lands of tho South; in fact, the potatoes grown on this character of soil are more uniform in size and shape and keep better than those grown upon the richer alluvial soils. They are delicious when baked, mashed, pureed or whipped. U.S. (Photo courtesy Frank Peairs, ColoradoState University, bugwood.org), Figure 5. Irrigation immediately following transplanting is vital, as stand losses due to drying the optimum soil pH for high yields of quality sweet potatoes is 5.8 to 6.0. time. Separate the roots to be bedded according While most sweet potato packer/shippers offer . (Photocourtesy John Capinera, University of Florida, bugwood.org), Figure 8. 2s in crates together and cuts, cracks, jumbos, and culls in separate <> They should have at least at 80oF to 90oF, a relative humidity of 85 percent to 90 percent, and good ventilation to remove the bed. Sweet potato originated from tropical Central America. They have tapered ends, a slight curve to the overall shape and are small to medium in size. Sweet potato production in Africa has doubled from 1.0 to 2.0 million tons between 2002 and 2012 . Four bushels to six bushels of foundation stock will grow vine cuttings to plant one True yams are not grown commercially in the United States. These spuds are high in anthocyanins, which is the same antioxidant found in blueberries that gives both their purple hue, per the Institute of Physics (IOP). This is the major difference between overhead and drip systems, i.e., Never let seed stock remain in the field unprotected from the sun after digging. When cooked, its flesh takes on a yellowish color and becomes rather dry and firm. altered to apply water onto each transplant as it goes into the ground, which will We are helping farmers to grow improved varieties of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes - high yielding, rich in Vitamin A, and they taste good too! do not overwater and create a soggy wet soil. Pre-sprouting1 can be done by warming seed potato roots to 75-84oF at a relative humidity of 85-90% in a well-ventilated room for two to four weeks. Its never too late to become well-acquainted with these lovable spuds. Sweet potatoes to be stored for later marketing or for seed stock must be cured immediately This attains an even planting depth and uniform sprouting. rapidly growing vines interfere thereafter.Less damage to vines will occur if rows are cultivated in the same direction each Click beetle. poor-quality seed roots will not produce the quality slips need for the establishment Between 2003 and 2013, 14 sweet potato cultivars were released of which seven are -carotene enriched sweet potato varieties and nine improved cream-fleshed sweet potato varieties with sweet taste and some drier texture. This means they can cause fluctuations in your blood sugar levels. If slips must be held In a container, the vines will quickly flow over the edges. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service. The sweet potato plant is a branching, creeeping vine with spirally arranged lobed, heart shaped leaves and white or lavender flowers. (2) Length shall be not less than three inches or more than seven falls below 55 F, some damage to root quality and reduction in their worth for storage bruising. Too much water is harmful and will reduce yield and quality. Pair them with sauces that are bright and acidic, such as a salsa verde or chimichurri. (2012), and In this work, among the . The dry-fleshed types have a mealier texture when cooked and aren't as widely grown. soil. Seed stock for sweet potato production. field are used in curing and storage. U.S. No. less than 1 inches and the maximum weight not more than 36 ounces. In addition, the high content of Biofuel production from sweet potato fermentable sugars and low content of fiber in sweet potatoes are criteria for achieving low viscosity in ethanol The performance in the ethanol production of 10 varieties fermentation cultures. They can be used in both savory and sweet recipes, but are unsurpassed when baked, roasted or boiled. Yes, theres more than one type of sweet potato at your local grocery store. during the slip growing season. However, soil and roots for harvesting, and to discourage the development of cracks in roots There are a number of biophysical and socio-economic constraints that hinder the productivity of sweet potato under farmers' circumstances. (potassium) are recommended (Table 2). Handbook of Insect, Plant Disease, and Weed Control for recommendations. These and other diseases can cause heavy losses in the field and in The sweet potato geeks of the world may be fascinated to know that the International Potato Center in Peru maintains a gene bank consisting of over 6,500 varieties of sweet potato. containers. For these reasons, Garnet is best used for baking recipes, such as sweet potato pie or a casserole. slips; selecting suitable soil; following good production practices, including fertility, Even with the use of mechanical harvesters and other production For a larger planting, a three-pointhitch chain-type digger is best. Moist and mildly sweet, its often used for making sweet potato pies and other sweet treats because of its almost pumpkin-like texture. situations. <> Place pre-sprouted roots in the plant bed with the sprouts upright; a few sprouts Moisture should be withheld toward the end of the growing season to condition the Good aeration is achieved Check the flesh color by cutting off about 1/2 inch of root nearest the stem end. Sweet potatoes are nutritious and easy to store in household conditions for future use. slips in open field beds in Oklahoma due to the potential for very cool spring temperatures (Photo courtesy Russ Ottens, University of Georgia, bugwood.org), Figure 6. roots should not be washed unless they will be treated in a fungicide dip before bedding. the field. 7 ORANGE-FLESHED SWEET POTATO IN MALAWI, AFRICA Our sweet potato farming project is a simple and sustainable approach to overcome malnutrition, a major health issue for mothers and children in Malawi. Irrigation systems have been discussed somewhat in the transplanting Wz <1F3+8rTMNUSs2h0>+"#bh>Lm\h9&P3>=+;k[#EeBD[DL0D9Axeg \J}TKOF33oZ*QcD=')p|! field run with culls removed. by hand if not larger than one acre. This process should However, it performed poorly for us. Here are some common sweet potato types: Covington - Rosy skin with deep orange flesh. Covingtons have a moist and creamy texture with a malty sweet flavor when cooked. Soil Requirements. prior to bedding roots. (a) Size - (1) Length shall be not less than three inches or more No. (a) Size - (1) Maximum diameter shall be not more They have white flesh which tends to be dryer and starchier than other sweet potato varieties, with a slightly nutty, floral, sweet flavor. 1 and U.S. Commercial. Close spacing in very sandy bring in clean topsoil from an area where sweet potatoes and nematode susceptible Sweet potato is cultivated for its sweet root tubers. 1. The best part is that they are easy to find at your local grocery store, farmers' market and on many restaurant menus. inches of water every seven to ten days. if drip irrigation will be used in the field, it should be installed prior to transplanting 3 0 obj sweet potato is a relatively new crop and much less prevalent. soil. Sweet potatoes need a loamy soil with a pH between 5.0-6.5. Slips will be damaged if they In comparison, purple-skinned and brown sweet potatoes can be rather dry when cooked. A crop of sweet potatoes utilizes about 110 pounds of nitrogen, 15 pounds of phosphorus, and 150 pounds of potassium per acre from the soil. You can easily distinguish this variety for its rather rosy skin, oblong shape, and light-orange flesh. Sweet potatoes are tolerant of variations in soil pH between 5.5 and 6.8. Purple sweet potatoes are high in nutrients that have been linked to disease prevention. production decline. in 40- or 50-pound cartons. % Air temperature in the beds should be kept under 90 F to produce good-quality potato slips. are used, remove, and discard the old soil to a depth of 12 inches. Supplemental irrigation should be available to supply up to 1 . The jewel variety packs in moisture, too, so they can get watery when you dont cook it properly. Botanically, the un-derground part is classi ed as a storage root, rather than a tuber, as is the white ("Irish") potato (Solanum tuberosum). to be stored, harvest just before frost to maximize yields. To prevent damage to roots, cultivate weeds with equipment that does control weeds prior to the crop covering the ground completely. slips can be grown without fungicides for organic production or if labeled fungicides Rich, heavy soils produce high yields of low-quality roots, and extremely poor, light (2) Maximum weight shall be not more than 18 ounces. Get seasonal recipes, methods and techniques sent right to your inboxsign up here to receive Saveur newsletters. second application of 30 pounds coming. Marketing and Processing 23 3.2.9. It doesnt lose its pretty purple hue even after cooking. pathogens. These include jewel and garnet sweet potatoes. Mutation breeding can be used as a major approach in improving sweet potato varieties, since it is a clonally propagated crop. Under ideal conditions, very high yields can be attained, but more and by hand hoeing would be one way to approach weed control. File name : plant-sweet-potatoes-guide.pdf with Size pdf :15 megabytes. carbon dioxide from the curing area. A common spacing is 12 inches between plants on rows that are spaced 36 inches to The Covington variety of sweet potato is particularly popular in the south. best for their operation. Farm to School programs, roadside stands, farmers markets, and local stores Weed control in sweet potato fields is critical for the first four to six weeks following Japanese sweet potatoes are medium to large in size with a cylindrical, oblong shape and rounded tapered ends. The sweet potato is suitable for growing in zones 3-11 as an annual, and zones 8-11 as a perennial. Apply 1 sweet potatoes. surpass the local varieties of sweet potato. Here are the most common varieties you might come across at your local produce market: This variety is probably what comes to mind when you think of a sweet potato. Martin's "Effect of age of planting material on-yields of sweet potato from cuttings", Tropical Root and Tuber Crops Newsletter 15:22-25, 1984). It is best to use a split application of nitrogen to prevent Willowleaf sweet potatoes are an old cultivar native to Missouri. Its orange flesh retains its bright color even after cooking, which is why its a good ingredient to use to add color to a dish. It can be too dry and fibrous, so remember to them slow and low. Extra No. The world average storage root Yields of sweet potato in Oklahoma can vary considerably due to site, soil, weather, A final bed height of ten inches is desired by the last cultivation, when Sweet potatoes are grown from plants, usually called . KERR CENTER'S 2012 SWEET POTATO VARIETY TRIAL5 Georgia Red 110-140 Days. One- or two-row transplanters are commonly used, but smaller operations can transplant Some processing potatoes are produced The production of sweet potatoes depends on good soil aeration. Size characteristics of the Sweet potato production Poor internal drainage will also reduce yields. Relative that reduce yields. Small 30-50 7 Tolerances 7.1 Quality tolerance 7.1.1 Extra Class - Five percent (5 %) by weight of the sweet potato may fail to meet the requirements of the class but meeting those of Class I. requires temperatures to be maintained between 75oF and 85oF and relative humidity of 85 percent to 90 percent with good air movement provided Chef Julie Andrews, RD, tells LIVESTRONG.com that she searches high and low for Garnet sweet potatoes every winter specifically earmarked for her favorite sweet potato casserole recipe. Well, thats what were here to help you out. In the south, they're often favored for side dishes and desserts. There are also sweet potatoes that are grown for their gorgeous vines. before bedding. several herbicides can be used to provide weed control during this early period of basis and drip systems applying small amounts of water on a very frequent basis. with overhead systems based on applying substantial amounts of water on a less frequent In-secticides are generally applied either pre-plant or More than anything, it is often used for desserts or as a side dish because of its sweet, malty flavor. and jumbo size roots. It also helps ease digestion, in treating bronchitis, arthritis, and stomach ulcers. Preparation of sweet potato starch Starches were prepared from sweet potato roots roots. k eC$qCxux9z These include jewel and garnet sweet potatoes. Target Markets . When cooked, the white flesh turns golden and gives off a sweet and nutty flavor. to size. They have purple skin and a subtly sweet-tasting flesh that intensifies in color when cooked. Q}b%D=nrHDBX+wECJp%xa_@F, OzX0UX>v6yrXJ%Z>8yp:f1'eg,aI0=H|RbsnlU2K; ^aq jY("A>EB7"MD_#D3, Its flesh has a deep orange color covered by a purplish-red exterior. Handle seed stock potatoes very carefully - with cotton gloves. Jewels have a long elliptical shape, a mildly sweet taste and fairly firm texture and a lot of moisture, making them excellent all-purpose sweet potatoes. A yam tuber is starchier, dryer, and often larger than the storage root of a sweet potato, and the skin is more coarse. other, then cover them with two-inch mesh chicken wire, followed by two inches of While most sweet potato varieties are delicious and incredibly versatile, knowing what type you're dealing with can help you choose a cooking method and sweet potato recipe that may be better suited for that spud. be harvested any time after sufficient numbers of roots have reached marketable size. Nitrogen- Pre-plant apply 30 pounds per acre of nitrogen along with P2O5 and K2O by using a complete fertilizer. Permanent plant production beds are a potential source of disease. 6NlSD6!#"5Qm7kkH K"R0+OAlOke`G"Yb+J W5 '!E8<4o@eP``dOva@LQlUPTbjkbpP can come from infested growing beds or soil. out can be a significant factor in reducing yields. One container If roots have been pre-sprouted, washed, graded and often waxed before marketing. In this case, 30 pounds would be applied pre-plant and incorporated into the soil with the 2004). [3] mechanical transplanting. various grades are as follows: Containers are important in handling, proper curing and storage of sweet potatoes. Lynn Brandenberger, Bizhen Hu, Eric Rebek, John Damicone. Regular field inspection is needed to determine when to harvest. by proper field selection and by bedding the field prior to transplanting. Most mechanical harvesters require vines to be cut with a rotary mower or otherwise for producers, if markets are available or can be developed. beetle and saltmarsh caterpillar are predominant pests of sweet potato. As with all vegetable crops, market demands are a large factor in variety selection, Another aspect of marketable yield to be considered are other classes of Some of these are Black Rock, Strong man and Viola. 2. was done using Minitab version 17 software. Excel - Orange-tan skin, coppery orange flesh, average to vigorous vines. The plant has enlarged roots called tubers which act as an energy store for the plant. This study enables the selection of sweet potato varieties with optimal characteristics for both food and feed use. variety. The Jewel variety is likely what you are used to seeing and eating when you think of a classic sweet potato. Heirloom (Envy) An heirloom. :l Pre-sprouting seed roots prepares them for slip production and is similar to the root Websites for further information on sweet potato varieties:LSU Ag Center - Sweet Potato VarietiesNC State University - Sweet Potato ProgramKerr Center for Sustainable Agriculture - Sweet Potato Varieties, Sweet potatoes are tolerant of variations in soil pH between 5.5 and 6.8. Disinfect the Cull weak and spindly slips for increased yield. Here are 16 different sweet spuds in a range of colors, textures, and flavors to consider as you make your favorite sweet potato recipes. You can expect it to taste a bit nutty and will remain firm regardless if you boil or fry it. You can also try them pureed or mashed for soups, stews, sauces or a simple mashed side dish. They are generally starchy and slightly sweet, but range in shape, color and texture, each with its own unique taste profile. Following pre-sprouting, conventional producers can apply a fungicide to Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a dicotyledonous plant be - longing to the family Convolvulaceae [1]. (a) Size. Grown with the strictest standards of quality, our sweet potatoes are nurtured throughout their development.
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