Congress committee to review and revise the president's proposed budget. A tax laid on the manufacture, sale, or consumption of goods and/or the performance of services is a(n), Sometimes congress levies a tax meant to discourage an activity that congress thinks is harmful to the public, not to raise revenues. What two groups have to agree on the budget? The broad factors that best explain the behavior of bureaucratic officials include all of the following except, A person appointed to a government position after passing an examination is probably joining the. c. the president alone. ), Government watchdogs who are appointed by the president and embedded in government agencies to monitor policy implementation and investigate alleged misconduct are called, Unlike other categories of bureaucracies, government corporation are expected to, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, who appoint justices to the federal courts. A group of politicians who are elected through voting processes and charged with representing the will of the people. An increasing share of the agency's appropriations has been used for operations and maintenance. What is the office of management and budget (omb)? In a bureaucracy, why is blocking action easier than taking action? President Carter asked for the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 because he said that the public viewed civil servants as all of the following except, likely to be campaigning for a political party while on the job. The politics-administration __________is the concept that elected officials, who are accountants to the voters,create and approve public policy, which is then implemented by competent, politically neutral bureaucrats. . These times of growth have generally occurred. A fund for people to send money in to ease their conscience for past tax paying they have cheated. 2. Severable - when work is performed. The Army Civil Works program includes funds for the planning, design, construction, and operation and maintenance of water resources projects, with a focus on the highest performing work within the three main Civil Works mission areas: commercial navigation, flood and storm . This, A dramatic increase in size of the federal bureaucracy occurred during the twentieth century, largely as a, The text refers to the Civil War as the "great watershed in bureaucratic development" because, When a law originating in a legislative committee specifies a certain sum of money, it is called a(n) __________, The Whistle Blower Protection Act of 1989 is designed to protect. From 1913 to 1940, the average American paid approximately ________ in income taxes each year. and Water Development appropriations acts. Postal Service delivering packages for Fed Ex. 1. Which of the following statements about the firing of a bureaucrat is incorrect? 17-7. d. Congress alone. Investigations Work Plan. Which of the following is NOT one of these? What is the most complicated of all taxes? Rawls argues that even our efforts (our work ethic) are to some degree morally arbitrary because they are usually the product of a favorable upbringing, which is itself arbitrary. This report provides an analysis of the relation of authorizations and appropriations, the impact of this distinction on the consideration of appropriations measures, and its significance for understanding how appropriations and other legislation work in conjunction to determine how agencies may spend appropriated funds. Independent administrative agencies differ from executive branch departments in which of the following ways? Which of the following are ways in which accountability is encouraged within bureaucracies? This president's Secretary of Treasury develops the economic blueprint for American prosperity that will include the Bank of the United States, an excise tax, and increasing national debt. Civil Works appropriations are generally? Under the leadership of Joseph Stalin, the government of the Soviet Union used censorship to control the information available to its citizens. What are the two Major functions of Congress Legislating and representing Institutions and processes by which rules are made and enforced for all members of society Government What is the 3/5 rule as it relates to the US Constitution A slaves would be worth 3/5 of a full vote for purposes of allocating seats in the House of Representatives The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers delivered to Congress its fiscal year 2021 work plan for the Army Civil Works program back in January. Bureaucratic inefficiency might be desirable in that it might help. An administrative group of non-elected officials who carry out functions connected to policies and programs. In a bureaucracy, why does government sometimes act inconsistently? Which feature of American government prevents similar censorship. To ensure compliance with law, Studies have shown that Democrats and people with liberal views are more likely to be overrepresented in, One bureaucratic pathology described by the text is imperialism, meaning the tendency of agencies to, The Freedom of Information Act and the Administrative Procedure Act are examples of, Using what the text refers to as the "buddy system," an agency can circumvent the usual Office of Personnel, An "iron triangle" is a strong coalition comprised of. An attempt to address the lack of a consistent economic policy. What is an example of a direct tax and indirect tax? When the president of the United States sends troops to a foreign country to fight a war, the president has issues a formal declaration of war against another country - true or false? This type of emergency legislation is called a(n). The budget is referred to the budget committee in each chamber of the house. The hiring principles of the ___-based civil service system are open to competition, competence, and political neutrality. These activities include the planning and construction of authorized water resource projects and the operation and maintenance of infrastructure and navigation improvements managed by USACE (e.g., navigation channels). By law, every Corps water resource project has designated missions (e.g., flood control, hydropower, navigation, water supply, etc.). ASA . One advantage of the merit system to presidents is that it, When a civil-service job is filled on a name-request basis, this is an example of the, Using the buddy system, an agency can circumvent the usual Office of Personnel Management (OPM) search process by, If an agency committed to consumer protection hires someone from a private environmental protection group, the type of recruitment illustrated would be, Someone who is hired by an agency from within an issue network is most likely to hold policy views that are, The agency responsible for ensuring fair treatment of civil servants is the. enacted congressional appropriations generally have adhered to these moratorium policies and refrained from inserting funds for . But at least in the initial version of the bill, it makes no mention of changes to federal employee compensation, effectively endorsing President Biden's pay plan. Tax paid on the manufacturer, sale, or consumption of goods, -OASDI (Old Age Survivors Disability Insurance). The text concludes that when bureaucracies operate at cross-purposes, it is usually because, When a citizen is required by an agency to use one accounting system rather than another, or to file forms before receiving any benefits, such requirements are called, Among the "pathologies" commonly attributed to bureaucracies are all of the following except, One bureaucratic "pathology" described by the text is imperialism, meaning the tendency of agencies to, One bureaucratic "pathology" described by the text is conflict, meaning the tendency of agencies to, Governmental hiring practices exemplify the need for all of the following except, The source of bureaucratic "pathologies" is usually, Buses in major cities are required to have lifts for people using wheelchairs because of a decision made by, According to the text, hammers costing the government hundreds of dollars usually are a result of, Buying American, using minority contractors, and paying the prevailing wage are all examples of, To reduce waste in government, one is also likely to have to increase. 1.the biggest department with about 730 civilian employees. 1.Agencies have a narrower function that departments. Place the steps in the resource allocation process in the proper order, from first to last. Washington (November 21, 2018) - The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) delivered to Congress its Fiscal Year 2019 (FY 2019) Work Plan for the Army Civil Works program yesterday. There were about _________ million people living in the United States when Washington became president in 1789. Once an appropriation is no longer considered available but before it is officially closed, it is said to be in what phase? Declared unconstitutional in 1998, a piece of legislation attached as an amendment to another, possibly totally unrelated bill, A provision in a bill that benefits a specific congressional constituency. These times of growth have generally occurred during, A dramatic increase in activism by the federal bureaucracy occurred in the twentieth century, largely as a consequence of, An important effect of World War II on the federal government was to. Where does money start in Congress? both government and nongovernmental organizations. d. hearings and investigations, mandatory reporting, and limitation riders d Fire alarm oversight describes a. During the early years of the federal government, only this department held much power. When national law takes precedence over state and local laws, and state and local officials are forced to implement national policies instead of their own, this process is called, Unlike other categories of bureaucracies, government corporations are expected to, Since 1789, the federal bureaucracy has changed a great deal in all of the following regards except. To reduce waste in government, one will probably have to increase __________. Prior to the 1880's,bureaucrats were hired under the ______ system. Army Civil Works Program Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, 2022 Operation And Maintenance FY22 And FY23 Spend Plans. 1.Bureaucrats develop annual budget requests for their agencies. Congressional and presidential changes made to federal bureaucracy since 2010 have included. True or false: Most Americans, even our elected leaders, are quick to praise public servants and slow to criticize them for perceived inefficiency. Which three of the following statements about the Administrative Procedure Act are accurate? One way that Congress exercises authority over agencies is through the. In the absence of congressional passage of an agency-specific appropriation, Civil Works annual funding is generally included in an all-encompassing "omnibus" bill as it was in November 2004 with the passage of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005. Civil Works appropriations are generally? Figure 3. hold public meetings where citizens can testify and present their concerns about the agency's actions, Merit-based civil servants can be fired for all of the following reasons, except, All of the following are parameters by which applicants for jobs covered by the merit-based civil service system are analyzed and ranked, except, ethnicity(Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act outlaws discrimination by ethnicity or race. Which of the following is NOT one of the expressed limits on the fed gov's power to tax? The allocation of these additional funds is presented in the Work Plan. the legal authorization to expend governmental funds, Revenue is managed by the _____ ___ _____ (House) and the _____ (Senate) Committees, Spending is managed by the _____ Committees in both the House and Senate. merit Why would congress tax for non-revenue purposes? The fed gov cannot tax the states or any of their local gov's in the exercise of their gov functions, The individual income tax is a progressive tax, which means that, The higher one's income, the higher the percentage one pays in taxes, Every year, taxpayers must file a _______by April 15 to declare their income and the exemptions they can claim, A tax laid on goods brought into the United States from abroad is a(n), The constitution gives______the power to tax, Medicare and OASDI taxes are examples of regressive taxes bc they are. Before the reforms of the 1880s, how did many civil servants or bureaucrats get their jobs? Civil works. A _____ clause in legislation sets an expiration date for the authorized policy or program unless Congress reauthorizes it. c. executive vetoes. Construction Work Plan. Bona fide need exceptions (3): Do authorization laws mandate the spending of federal money to achieve a law's goal? A ______________ law provides the plan of action for addressing a given societal concern and identities which executive branch unit will put the plan into effect. After the agenda has been set and the policy has been formulated, elected leaders must next, The Senior Executive Service(SES) is an example of a(n). One of the first national sunshine laws was the _____________ Act of 1946. Once an appropriation is no longer considered available but before it is officially closed, it is said to be in what phase? If the Budget Committees cannot come to an agreement on a budget then what happens? The head of each federal department is appointed by the president and confirmed by the, Bureaucrats hired through the merit-based personnel system are called. This federal agency employees more than 500,000 career employees making it the second largest employer in the, __________ is a type of alliance described by Hugh Heclo that consists of people in Washington-based interest, Among the pathologies commonly attributed to bureaucracies are all of the following EXCEPT, The fact that agencies usually recruit their own staff, often on a name-request basis, should lead us to expect that, The discretionary authority of appointed officials is their authority to. Mississippi River & Tributaries Work Plan. 1.The satisfaction rate with bureaucratic service is essentially the same as with corporate America. Each federal agency prepares detailed estimates of the amount of money they will need. The Whistle-blower Protection Act of 1989 is designed to protect, Bureaucrats' own values and beliefs are most likely to have the least influence on their work when their duties are, Lawyers working for the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) are most likely to select cases that, A personal attribute that has been shown to have a clear effect on bureaucratic behavior is, Before recommending legal action against a business for illegal practices, an economist with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) might first want to know whether, Having a strong agency culture can help an agency by motivating its employees to work hard, but it can also hurt it by, If a job within an agency is labeled "NCE," it is, One of the major constraints under which government agencies operate is the, The Freedom of Information Act and the Administrative Procedure Act are examples of, A particularly important constraint on bureaucratic power is the need to, Among the effects of the many constraints on government agencies is the fact that. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) yesterday delivered to Congress its Fiscal Year 2015 (FY15) work plans for the Army Civil Works program. According to the text, bureaucrats with more conservative views are more likely to be found in the, During most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, appointments to the civil service were based primarily on, A particularly important constraint on bureaucratic power is the need to, Which of the following was created in 1978 in an attempt to give the president more flexibility in dealing with, Probably the most effective means an agency has of remaining powerful is, One way that Congress exercises authority over agencies is through, __________ funds operate outside of the regular government budget, and the appropriation committees have no, In order to cope with the difficulty of firing federal bureaucrats, managers often, When an agency such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) makes an important decision, it is quite, A post office worker or Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent would typically be part of the federal, The culture of the State Department tends to reward. tax to regulate some activity that Congress thinks is harmful or dangerous to the public. It drives the development and implementation of the president's policies and programs. The process of revising agency budget requests is commonly called __________. By cutting spending and/or by raising taxes. report their encounters with bureaucrats as at least satisfactory. As shown in This observation fails, however, to account for the, The importance of the federal bureaucracy today can be measured in part by the total number of federal employees or, more accurately, by the, When the text speaks of the discretionary authority of appointed officials, it means their authority to. long-term collaborative efforts among bureaucrats in an agency, an interest group, and a legislative committee to set an agenda and formulate policy, temporary collaborations of bureaucrats, elected officials, and interest groups who lobby to set an agenda and to influence policy formulation. Washington (June 11, 2018) - The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) delivered to Congress its Fiscal Year 2018 (FY 2018) work plan for the Army Civil Works program on Thursday, June 7. When the Department of Labor investigates a complaint filed under the Fair Labor and Standards Act, the department is exercising. True or False: Elected officials risk the loss of control over the content of public policy when they delegate administrative discretion to bureaucrats. Washington (February 3, 2015) - The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) yesterday delivered to Congress its Fiscal Year 2015 (FY15) work plans for the Army Civil Works program. and Water Development appropriations acts. For USACE civil works, President Trump requested $5.97 Figure billion for FY2021. (This is part of the President's Article 2 to make sure the laws are faithfully executed. On March 23, 2018, President Trump signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018, Public Law 115-141, of which Division D is the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act . If bureaucrats regularly sabotage the actions of political bosses with whom they disagree, one would expect Republicans to be hurt more than Democrats. There has been more contracting-out in recent years. A declaration of taxable income and of the exemptions and deductions claimed, A tax imposed on nearly all employers and their employees, and on self-employed persons- amounts owed by employees withheld from their pay checks, A tax levied at a flat rate, without regard to the level of a taxpayer's income or ability to pay them, A tax laid on e manufacture, sale, or consumption of goods and/or the performance of services, A levy imposed on the assets of one who dies, A tax laid on goods brought into the United States from abroad, also known as tariffs, import duties, or imposts, A charge for borrowed money, generally a percentage of the amount borrowed, The yearly shortfall between revenue and spending, All of the money borrowed by the government and not yet repaid, plus the accrued interest on that money; also called the national debt or federal debt, A benefit that federal law says must be paid to all those who meet the eligibility requirements, eg, Medicare, food stamps, and veterans' pension, An amount decided upon by congress and the president to determine how much will be spent each year on many individual gov expenditures, including environment protection programs, aid to education, and so on, Spending that congress and the president have no power to change directly, A measure which allows agencies to continue working based on the previous years appropriations, To pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the US. Unionized civil servants are prohibited from doing which of the following? Operation & Maintenance Work. If one examines the education, sex, race, and social origins of the federal civil service as a whole, When a person is selected by the president to head an agency and to shift its policies in the direction of the president's, the appointee generally finds that, A survey of top-level, nonpolitical federal bureaucrats found their political outlooks to be, Relative to their share of the population, Republicans tend to be overrepresented in the. bureaucrats hired through a merit-based system and who have job protection, officials who acquire their jobs though the patronage system, top managers and supervisors who link political appointees to the rest of the federal bureaucracy. reviews the actions of the executive and legislative branches to ensure that they are following the Constitution and law, create and fund the bureaucratic agencies, hond government bureaucrats accountable though sunshine laws. Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act. 1.legislative language that clearly states the goal of the legislation, In order to prevent conflicts of interest, top U.S. officials are required to disclose their, Every federal department is headed by an official called the secretary except the Department of Justice, which is headed by the. Where in the Constitution is this stated? . R46497 August 27, 2020 -to meet the costs of short and long term crisis situations, The governments total debts / all money borrowed + interest, What is the difference between controllable and uncontrollable spending? a. firing the head of independent agencies and regulatory commissions whenever Congress disagrees with them politically. civil works appropriations have ranged from $4.5 billion to nearly $6 billion during the last Each year, CBO provides the Congress with several hundred formal cost estimates that analyze the likely effects of proposed legislation on the federal budget. Which of the following statements does not apply to senior executive service bureaucrats? How long does it usually take to make a budget? The largest category of federal spending is. The authors suggest that, ultimately, "red tape" comes from, The text argues that many of the problems of bureaucracy in government arise from its. On September 21, 2018, President Trump signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019, Public Law 115-244, of which Division A is the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act .
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